The Problem with Leatherjackets

Crane fly larvae, commonly referred to as soil pests, live in the upper layers of soil, where they feed on grassroots and organic material. Their presence is most problematic in transition months, and their activity can lead to soft ground and poor turf condition. Managed landscapes may become unsafe without proper control.

Detecting Larval Activity Quickly

Identifying larvae before serious damage occurs is beneficial. Watch for signs such as bird pecking, patchy grass, and irregular surface wear. Cut small patches in the turf to detect larvae beneath. Conducting these checks during late winter helps with timely responses.

How the Seasons Influence Turf Health

Leatherjackets can continue feeding underground during milder winter spells. If they are not kept in check, the turf’s ability to recover in spring is hindered. Maintenance scheduling based on weather conditions helps reduce pressure on affected areas.

Cultural Turf Management

Groundskeepers often begin with physical practices. Regular aeration strengthens root growth and improves turf firmness. Raising mowing height during feeding periods can improve resilience, and rolling moist turf may lift larvae, leaving them open to natural predation. These methods help maintain turf quality, even if they do not fully eliminate the pests.

Biological Pest Control

Nematodes, microscopic beneficial organisms, offer a chemical-free way to address larvae. They are most effective when applied during early autumn, under appropriate moisture and temperature conditions. When timed and applied correctly, they suppress larval numbers and allow the turf to regrow.

Responsible Chemical Use

In some cases—especially on frequently used surfaces—chemical treatment may be necessary. Approved turf protection products may be applied, but only according to regulatory guidance. Blending chemical input with cultural and biological steps prevents overuse.

Reducing Future Risk

To minimise outbreaks in future seasons, aim to optimise drainage, encourage strong rooting, and maintain steady nutrient levels. Monitoring turf after crane fly emergence in late summer helps predict larval activity levels for the months ahead.

Frequently Asked Questions

• When do leatherjackets feed the most?
  
  They tend to be active in greater numbers during mild periods in autumn and spring.



• How can I be sure I have a problem?
  
  Cut out a small patch of turf and count the number of larvae beneath. This provides a direct population check.



• Can nematodes survive in cold soil?
  
  No. They require moderate temperatures and soil moisture to be effective.



• Does mowing height matter?
  
  Yes. Leaving grass slightly longer during larval feeding helps support plant health.



• Why are birds damaging my lawn?
  
  Birds often scratch where larvae are present. Their behaviour can be an unintended clue of infestation.

Main Takeaway

Managing crane fly larvae benefits from a blend of early detection, well-timed treatment, and varied management strategies. By combining physical methods, biological control, and limited chemical use, turf conditions can be protected throughout the year.

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